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Navkar Mantra - An in depth analysis

Namo Arihantanam
I bow in reverence to Arihants
Namo Siddhanam
I bow in reverence to Siddhas
Namo Ayariyanam
I bow in reverence to Acharyas
Namo Uvajjhayanam
I bow in reverence to Upadhyayas
Namo Loye Savva Sahunam
I bow in reverence to all Sadhus
Eso Panch Namukkaro
This five-fold salutation
Savva Pavappanasano
Destroys all sins
Mangalanam Cha Savvesim
And amongst all auspicious things
Padhamam Havai Mangalam
Is the most auspicious one

 

 

Navkar Mantra is one of the auspicious mantra recited by jains across all different sub sects. All Jains have given a special significance to those five lines. It is recited 108 times in a day by almost all shravikas (laywoman) in their home!!

This article brings you the beauty of those five lines and it also tries to give you the in depth understanding of Navkar Mantra...

 

Navkar Mantra:

Namo Arihantanam
Namo Siddhanam
Namo Ayariyanam
Namo Uvajzayanam
Namo Loe Savva Sahunam

Eso Panch Namokkaro
Savva Pav Panha Sanho
Mangalanam Cha Savvesim
Padhamam Havai Mangalam

*******************************************

English Version
 

I bow to the Arihantas, the perfected human beings.
I bow to the Siddhas, liberated bodiless souls.
I bow to the Acharyas, the masters and heads of congregations.
I bow to the Upadhyayas, the spiritual teachers.
I bow to the spiritual practitioners in the universe, Sadhus.

This fivefold obeisance mantra,
Destroys all sins and obstacles,
And of all auspicious repetitions,
Is the first and foremost.

Essence:

In the above prayer, Jains salute the virtues of the Pancha Parmeshti, or five benevolents: The Arihants, Siddhas, Acharyas, Upadhyayas, and normal monks. They do not pray to a specific Tirthankar or monk by name. By saluting them, Jains believe they receive the inspiration from the five benevolent for the right path of true happiness and total freedom from the misery of life. Jain prayers do not ask for any favors or material benefits from the Tirthankaras or from sadhus and sadhvis. These prayers simply serve as a gesture of deep respect towards beings they believe are more spiritually advanced and to remind followers of the Jain religion of their ultimate goal of nirvana or moksha.

 

 

 

 

 

Hidden Atheism in Navkar Mantra:

It is absolutely clear from the Navkar mantra that "Jainism" supports Atheism. It clearly says that, none of thirthankaras have the special power to grant any wish. The sole intention behind reciting navkar mantras is to draw true inspiration.
Reciting Namokar will never erase our past karmas (mistakes). We ripe what we have sown (Karma theory of Jainism). So always remember that reciting it 1 time or 108 times or 1008 times is not going to grant any special wish to us.

 

"OM" derived from Navkar Mantra?

 

Almost all religions in India believe in the significance to "OM".


Shri Ram recited OM.
Shri Krishna recited OM.
Mahavir Vardhman recited OM.
Gautam Buddha recited OM.
All mantras has OM.
All tantras has OM.
Even Shri Ganesh is also called Omkara.
OM is another form of Shiva.
OM is another form of Vishnu.
OM is another form of Parabrahma.
Hence OM is the unity of all gods and OM is the formless and idoless true originater of entire universe. It is also said that everything came from OM and will end into OM.
Hence praying to OM is not wrong. OM will unite all different sects and caste in India. OM can unite all religion into ancient Indian Dharma.
 

English Translation:

"om" one akshara, is made from the initials of the five parameshtis. It has been said: "Arihanta, Ashiri (i.e. siddha), Acharya, Upadhyaya, Munis(sadhus)"

Thus "om" is a+a+a+u+m and thus stands for all the five paramestis.

 

Mathematics behind the Navkar ( Nav + Kar ) Mantra:

Twelve virtues of Arhant , eight virtues of Siddha , thirtysix virtues of Acharya, twenty five virtues of Upadhyaya and twenty seven virtues of Sadhu in all they make 108 virtues.
Not Considering one thumb, the rest four fingers of the hand have totally 12 tapering ends, and since there is planning to think over 108 virtues by saying Navakara, there seems an indication to a disciple that Oh fortunate! Chant Navakar Mantra nine times on each tapering end (12X 9 = 108).
When we multiply 12 X 9 the result comes to 108. Thus when we split the word "Navkar" in to "Nav" + "Kar", "Nav" means "nine" and "Kar" means "do it". Thus it indicates that "Chant this nine times from each tapering end which leads to a total of 108 times chant referring to 108 virtue of Panch Paramesties.

 

Author of Navkar Mantra:

 

Many Jain Acharya's believe that "Navkar Mantra" is the oldest Mantra ever known mantra to man, thus it existed prior to the time period of Mahaveera. They also say that its author is unknown. But there are some speculations that the "Navkar Mantra" was composed by the great literary luminary Acharya Kundakunda.

 

Conflict in the last four lines of Navkar Mantra

 

Digambars and Sthanakvasis only use the first five lines of Navkar Mantra. Swethambars use all the 9 lines....

The key reason for this is, last four lines of Navkar mantra are against the popular "Karma theory of Jainism". One completely agrees with the statement "we ripe what we have sown", so there is no concept of erasing our past sins through reciting this mantra. It should be recited only to draw inspiration and inclusion of the last four lines clearly spoils the atheist ideology of Jainism.


"Everyday  worship the idol of Thirthankara by reciting Navkar Mantra 1008 times and the sole intention behind this is just to bring purity in one's thinking. Besides this, one should never expect anything else as a return from this process".                          

 - Acharya Pushpdant Sagar

 

 

" Jainism is not merely a religion but a way to live life "

 

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